ZF has commenced series prodZFuction of its advanced steer-by-wire system for the NIO ET9, the Chinese automaker’s electric flagship vehicle. The system eliminates the traditional mechanical link between the steering wheel and the front wheels, enabling a fully electronic driving experience. ZF supplies not only the steering wheel actuator and steering feel feedback mechanism but also a redundant steering gear actuator and associated software for the vehicle.
This collaboration is part of ZF’s broader vision for a software-defined vehicle, supported by its new “Chassis Solutions” division, which launched in early 2024. The division provides a comprehensive portfolio of electronically controlled steering, braking, and damping systems, all integrated with ZF’s proprietary cubiX software.
Dr Peter Holdmann, member of ZF’s Board of Management and head of Chassis Solutions, remarked, “We are delivering the steering of the future. Our steer-by-wire technology is a game-changer, offering vehicle manufacturers like NIO unprecedented freedom in vehicle design, comfort, driving performance, and safety.”
NIO’s Principal Chief Engineer, Danilo Teobaldi, emphasized the role of steer-by-wire in enhancing the premium driving experience, saying, “This technology is integral to our software-defined vehicles, providing superior comfort and dynamic performance. Our partnership with ZF strengthens our ambition to set new industry standards for smart EVs globally.”
In ZF’s steer-by-wire system, a mechatronic actuator powers the steering, with no mechanical linkage between the steering wheel and wheels. An electric drive unit, known as the torque feedback unit, simulates natural steering feedback. The system adapts the steering ratio to driving conditions, providing a more compact and maneuverable steering wheel, especially beneficial for parking and low-speed maneuvers.
ZF’s steer-by-wire technology is a next-generation development of electric power steering, ideal for electric and autonomous vehicles. In addition to NIO, another major global carmaker is already using this system in mass production, and ZF has customer orders in Europe as well.
With the formation of its Chassis Solutions division, ZF is positioning itself as a leader in by-wire technologies, contributing to the transition toward software-defined vehicles. In early 2024, ZF also secured a significant order for brake-by-wire systems, showcasing its ability to innovate across various vehicle systems.
